Unit+One+Directors+and+Key+People


 * Eadweard Muybridge-Was an english photographer moved to America to work on animal locomotion. He used multiple cameras to capture motion, along with his invention called the zoopraxiscope which projected motion pictures before film strips.**


 * Auguste and Louis Lumière (Lumière brothers) - The** **Lumière brothers were among the earliest film makers. They held their first private screening in 1895 which premiered ten short films. The brothers also worked on adding color to their films and were known greatly for their efforts in attempting to add color. They are known for short films like: "La Volitage," "Le Jardinier," and "La Place des Cordeliers a Lyon."**


 * Georges Méliès - He is regarded as "The Father of Special Effects". When he lived in France, he was a magician who owned a theater company to preform his own magic tricks. He was the first to pioneer techniques such as fade-in and fade-out, which he used for his first narrative films. He made over 500 films, the most famous of which was "A Trip to the Moon" (one of the first black / white sci-fi movies).**


 * William Kennedy Laurie Dickson- He was born in France and began a correspondence with Thomas A. Edison in the U.S., as for employment, but was turned down. Eventually, Dickson's and his family moved to the U.S., and landed a job with Edison as a trusted and valuable associate.**


 * Thomas Edison - Created the first lightbulb on November 4, 1879. Thomas Edison also was the creator of the first motion picture camera called the kinetoscope which was a peep hole viewer that was used to show small, simple films.**


 * D.W. Griffith- Considered father of film grammar. He began directing short films such as "Fighting Blood" in 1911** **and "Under Burning Skies" in 1912, where he was known for an editing technique called cross-cutting (switching between two shots in order to create tension and suspense). He was also known for using varying camera angles, close up shots, and long-shots in his films. He later began working on feature length films and created his most famous film, "Birth of a Nation" (1915), which was seen as very contraversial.**


 * Charlie Chaplin- Considered the most creative and influential person of the silent film era. He became famous during the time before WWI and is known mostly for his character, The Tramp. When films started introducing sound, he refused to stop making silent movies despite its losing popularity. He was a man of many talents not only did he act in is movies he also wrote and directed them and in 1918 he even composed music for his films he mixed commedy with dramma. did slapstick comedy in movies such as "The Kid."**


 * Buster Keaton- Started his career in Vaudeville in an act with his parents called, "The Three Keatons," the act was about an unruly child and parents that would punish the child by throwing him around the stage. made his own film production company in 1921. His trademark in his films was physical comedy with a stoic, deadpan face on him thus earning him the nickname "The Great Stone Face." Directed "The Navigator" in 1924.**


 * Fritz Lang- Foreign film director from Austria, directed Metropolis in 1927 which helped develop the science fiction genre, inspired many famous future films and novels after Metropolis was released,** **helped establish the characteristics of film noir,** **directed films in Germany from 1918-1933 before moving to America, joined MGM studios in Hollywood, died in 1976 (last film was The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse).**


 * F.W. Murnau** - **Was one of the most influential German film directors of the silent era. Most of his films have been lost, but most still survive . He attended University of Heidelberg and studied art history.Combat Pilot durning world war 1.**

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 * Winsor McCay- He was a cartoonist for the New York Herold and worked for four years, making 4,000 drawingas and hand-colored the 35 mm frames. He was also known as " Little Nemo in Slumberland" which was a popular cartoon character. Another one of his most famous cartoon character is gertie the Dinosaur which was created in 1914. He set the standard for future greats like Walt Disney**